What is the term for the brain’s ability to change structure and function over time?

The term for the brain’s ability to change structure and function over time is neuroplasticity. This concept refers to the brain's capacity to adapt in response to learnings, experiences, and environmental changes. Neuroplasticity encompasses several processes, including the strengthening of neural pathways, the formation of new synapses, and even the creation of new neurons in certain areas of the brain. This ability is crucial for learning and memory, as well as recovery from brain injuries.

Neurogenesis, on the other hand, specifically refers to the process of generating new neurons, primarily occurring in the hippocampus. Functional plasticity relates to the brain’s ability to move functions from damaged areas to undamaged areas. Adaptive restructuring is a broader term that might describe changes in behavior or strategy but is not specific to the neural changes occurring in the brain. Therefore, neuroplasticity is the most comprehensive and accurate term.