What is the name of the area, typically between two neurons or a neuron and gland, where electrical or chemical signals are transmitted?

The area where electrical or chemical signals are transmitted between two neurons or between a neuron and a gland is called the synapse. This specialized junction allows for communication between cells. When an electrical signal, known as an action potential, reaches the axon terminal of a neuron, it triggers the release of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft, the small gap between neurons. These neurotransmitters then bind to receptors on the adjacent neuron's membrane, facilitating the transfer of the signal.

Understanding the role of the synapse is crucial in the study of neurobiology and corrective exercise, as it highlights how signals are sent and received in the nervous system, impacting muscle function and coordination. The other terms listed refer to specific components or structures within the neuronal framework, but they do not denote the communication area itself, which is fundamentally characterized by its function in signal transmission.